Sunday, November 1, 2020

Opposition to the King


Matthew 13:53-14:12
 
Welcome! We are continuing our study of the Gospel of Matthew. Three weeks ago, I spoke on Matthew 12:38-50 and I described something I called the “Boom.” Both Tim, two weeks ago, and Fred, last week, made reference to my description. In my message, I told you that you would hear the “Boom” over the following two weeks, that is, in the passages that Tim and Fred have discussed with you.
 
In preparation for their messages, both of them asked me what I thought the “Boom” was. I confess that I was pretty coy, not really giving them an answer. I really wanted them to depend on the Lord, not me, and to be honest, I was still formulating ideas myself.
 
So, if you have been on these Zoom calls over the past two weeks, or if you have been reading the transcripts or watching the archived recordings, I have a question for you. What is the Boom? What do you think it is?
 
If you have not been able to participate in these past messages, or just to help those who were here to remember, I pointed out that Matthew is a tightly structured document, that has clear sections to it, and that it further seems to very strongly have the form of what is called a chiasm. As a bit of review, a chiasm is a structure in which ideas are coupled into harmonizing pairs; that is, the thoughts are similar, or related. These pairs telescope in from the first and last part of the document, to the second and next to last, the third and the third from last, and so on. I argued, as many have argued before me, that the entire book of Matthew is a remarkable chiasm.
 
Chiasms were structured such that the very middle would contain a particularly important thought. This is what I called the “Boom.” Once again, here is a picture of what I believe to be the outline of the chiasm of Matthew:
 
 
So, the boom consists of Jesus’ third extended discourse in Matthew (the third of five). In terms of the Book of Matthew, it consists of Matthew 12:46 to 13:58. I see verses 46-50 as a kind of preface. This where Jesus’ family comes to try to see Him, and Jesus states, “Who is My mother and brothers? Those who do the will of My Father in heaven.” We then have eight parables:

  1. Parable of the 4 fields: The sower scattered seed on 4 places 13:1-2
    1. Path – birds ate it up (those who do not “understand” – personally receive what was sent, the devil snatches)
    2. Rocky place – came up quickly but withered because roots shallow (those who love the initial sound of it, but fall away under distress or persecution)
    3. Thorny place – it came up but thorny weeds choked the plants (those who hear it, but fall away due to being consumed by worldly worry or lusts)
    4. Good soil – it came up and produced a massive crop (those for whom the seed is planted deep in their hearts)
  2. Parable of the false sower: Good sower sowed good seed but the enemy sowed weeds; the good crop will be gathered at the harvest and the weeds burned. 13:24-30, 36-43 (Jesus is the sower; the devil is the weed sower; harvest is the end of the age; sinners will be separated out and thrown into the blazing furnace; the rest will shine like the sun in the Kingdom.)
  3. Parable of the mustard seed – tiny seed produces huge tree. 13:31-32
  4. Parable of the yeast – tiny amount multiplies into huge amount of bread-ready dough. 13:33-35
  5. Parable of the treasure hidden in the field: man who finds it sells everything to buy the field. 13:44
  6. Parable of the merchant finding pearl of great value: he sells everything to buy it. 13:45
  7. Parable of the net: Giant net drags all fish slowly to the shore, often without them even realizing it; the next thing you know, they are out of the water; good fish kept; bad thrown in the fire. 13:46-50

 
Jesus has one more parable to give. Let’s look at this first part of today’s passage:
 
“Have you understood all these things?” Jesus asked. “Yes,” they replied. He said to them, “Therefore every teacher of the law who has become a disciple in the kingdom of heaven is like the owner of a house who brings out of his storeroom new treasures as well as old.” – Matthew 13:51-52
 
What is this talking about? Well, first, it is important to note that this parable, like several of those before it, are being told inside a house, where only the disciples are. This is for them, not for the crowds.
 
They are told of what will become of those who teach – in the kingdom of heaven, they will teach both the old and the new. That is, they will teach from the Old Testament, and they will also teach about Jesus. The disciples listening to Jesus were the first of these new teachers; literally scribes. Scribes were those who were trained painstakingly over a long time to become those who transmit and interpret Scripture. This was what Jesus was doing with them – training them for this purpose.

From an honor-shame perspective, this parable perfectly describes a patron, someone with both influence and some degree of wealth, someone who did not hoard his wealth but used it to help others, his “clients.” The clients, in return, would tell others how great their patron was. For Jesus’ disciples, there was a twist on this arrangement: rather than wanting others to praise them, they were to always deflect such praise back to Jesus, who was the real source of everything good. But my point is that this parable described a very common image, that of a patron publicly demonstrating his care and concern for – and providing for – his clients. 
 
And so, what is the “Boom” of Matthew? I think it helps to think about this from Matthew’s own perspective. I do not at all think that, when Jesus was teaching these things, the disciples grasped the importance of them. I do not even think they were entirely honest when they said that they really understood all these parables. But Jesus was telling them their future, their life’s future work.
 
After Jesus would die for the sins of man, after He would rise from the tomb, after He would reappear to them and further help them understand their life’s work, the disciples would go back to the day they heard these parables and realize that they were central to their mission. And they remain central to the mission of all of us who profess to be followers of Jesus.
 
We all need to understand that we are to be sowers of the truth of the Kingdom of Heaven and its King, King Jesus, but we also need to understand that a minority of those we sow to will actually respond by personally giving their lives to Christ (the seed in the good soil). Others will never take the message seriously at all and will forget it almost immediately (the seed on the path), or first seem to accept it joyfully but then walk away as soon as things get tough or disappointing or they experience persecution (the seed in the rocky place), or first seem to accept but then get carried away with worry or the material joys of this world (the seed among the thorns). Yet those who respond like the good soil will go on influence many for Christ, build up many.
 
We all need to understand that we have an enemy who will constantly sow the seed of weeds among our work; that our work in growing Christ’s kingdom will never be unopposed, that it will also be a spiritual battle. Yet, we can take hope because at the end, the false will separated from the true; those who love Jesus will be separated from those who hate them and hate Him.
 
We all need to understand that Kingdom growth is God’s work, and it grows and grows and grows like how the tiniest seed becomes the largest tree. Never fear small beginnings.
 
We all need to understand that Kingdom growth is God’s work, and it multiplies exponentially, like yeast through a dough. Just because you cannot see it growing, do not doubt that God is making it multiply.
 
We all need to understand that being in and of the Kingdom – that is, being eternally with Jesus and with those who love Him – is worth everything. If we give everything we have (and by this I mean our daily life, our very lives) in exchange for being a part of Kingdom growth, like buying an entire field because it contains a hidden treasure, or giving everything we have for a prized pearl, we are making the best and wisest transaction we can make. When we think of these parables, I think we should also remember that the characters bought the field and the pearl from someone who did not know their value (in the case of the field) or appreciate their value (in the case of the pearl). We need to be careful not to listen to those who do not value Christ as we do. Nothing compares with Him!
 
And we need to be those who soberly understand that the great net is coming for all people; all are being slowly drawn towards the shore of death, after which, is the judgment, the great separation. This should motivate us to spread God’s message of His Kingdom all the more.
 
This, in my opinion, is the “Boom” of Matthew. We have all heard this before, but to Matthew and the other disciples, this day was when they first learned these powerful truths that not only applied to their lives, but literally became their lives’ work. It was what they lived for, and it is what they died for. I will come back to that final thought at the end of our message.
 
Let’s continue on in Matthew:
 
When Jesus had finished these parables, He moved on from there. Coming to His hometown, He began teaching the people in their synagogue, and they were amazed. “Where did this man get this wisdom and these miraculous powers?” they asked. “Isn’t this the carpenter’s son? Isn’t his mother’s name Mary, and aren’t his brothers James, Joseph, Simon and Judas? Aren’t all his sisters with us? Where then did this man get all these things?” And they took offense at Him. – Matthew 13:53-57
 
“Where did this man get this wisdom and these miraculous powers?” I must ask: what kind of lame question is that? I want to point out that the people are personally witnessing Jesus’ teachings. He’s not just a really good speaker – He speaks with authority; He opens up Scripture like nobody ever had. As someone said in another gospel: “Nobody speaks like He does!” And they know well of His miracles. He had done many of them just a few miles away, and all of Israel was talking about them. Elsewhere in the gospels, some people try to argue that Jesus gets his power from Satan. Perhaps that is what they are insinuating here. But that is nonsense. As Jesus pointed out, it makes no sense that if Satan was empowering Him, He would use these powers to cast out Satan’s demons! There was no way to argue that He did not have this wisdom and these powers to do miracles, and there was no way to argue that they came from some nefarious source. The only reasonable conclusion, which they refused to accept, is the obvious one that His powers come from God.
 
But they do not want to hear this, because this would mean that they need to heed His message. They are desperate to find a way to avoid this, because this would mean that God is real and that their love of darkness, their sin, has terrible consequences. It’s also an extreme form of pride. In an honor-shame culture as theirs was, those of higher honor status refused to accept the idea that someone of a lowly family could possibly be someone or something more. But I believe this too is a smokescreen. They would have rejected Jesus even if He had been the son of one of the most famous rabbis.
 
As followers of Christ, we too can experience ridicule and rejection in other areas of life. I can tell you a story where someone was rejected for a job specifically and solely because he received his degree from a Christian school. Mostly, this kind of thing goes on behind closed doors, so that we experience the results of this kind of rejection but never directly see that it is because of our faith.
 
In Jesus’ case, much of the rejection was due to outright jealousy. The other teachers in the synagogue, of course, could not possibly teach like Jesus. They were previously highly honored, centers of attention wherever they went, but now, people would ignore them entirely and flock to Jesus. They, who had sat at the foot of famous rabbis for years, ignored! “Well, I never!” they surely exclaimed. Yes, you never truly humbled yourself and submitted yourself to God. For if you had, you would surely see who Jesus was and not only worship Him yourself, but also encourage your congregation to do the same!
 
Note that “Isn’t this the carpenter’s son?”, “Isn’t his mother’s name Mary”, and the part about His brothers and sisters is likely a repudiation of His teachings, where He calls God “His Father in Heaven.” It is a repudiation of His teachings (see Luke 4) that Scripture points to Himself. It is a repudiation of what they are hearing about His miracles. They do not believe because they do not want to believe. They do not want to repent. They do not want to face the fact that they are, indeed, like whitewashed tombs, holy-looking only on the outside, absolutely filled with sin on the inside. They are the “path” in the parable of the sower and that sows seed in four places, the location where the seed does not take root at all.
 
How did Jesus respond?
 
But Jesus said to them, “A prophet is not without honor except in his own town and in his own home.” And He did not do many miracles there because of their lack of faith. – Matthew 13:57-58
 
Note what Jesus did not do but could have done: He did not call down fire on his detractors. He did not turn one of them into a chicken, or worse, a pig. He did not do anything. He did not even do hardly any healings there, because many people in His hometown (shockingly) tended to go along with their leaders.
 
Were there some who believed? Yes, but their numbers were small. Why weren’t they larger? I think it has to do, again, with jealousy. To use a modern analogy: “I went to high school with this guy. He was not even an exceptional student, or an exceptional athlete. Yet now He is a prophet of God? Please!” Some of this is hard for us to understand, but in a culture completely dominated by honor-shame dynamics, this behavior makes a lot of sense. One of the unwritten rules, enforced by everyone, is that people stay in their lane, so to speak. You of a certain class do not get to rise above it, because if you did, then people below me might challenge me, and we can’t have that! But beyond jealousy, the people simply do not want to face the fact that they are sinners, that their even only moderately honorable position in society is not at all how God sees them.
 
Let’s go on to the first part of Matthew 14:
 
At that time Herod the tetrarch heard the reports about Jesus, and he said to his attendants, “This is John the Baptist; he has risen from the dead! That is why miraculous powers are at work in him.” Now Herod had arrested John and bound him and put him in prison because of Herodias, his brother Philip’s wife, for John had been saying to him: “It is not lawful for you to have her.” Herod wanted to kill John, but he was afraid of the people, because they considered John a prophet. – Matthew 14:1-5
 
Before we discuss this passage, I should remind you of Matthew 3 and Matthew 11. In Matthew 3, we learn of how John the Baptist was preaching in the wilderness of Judea and telling people, “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven has come near.” John, with his camel hair clothes and leather belt, with his diet of locusts and honey, became well-known. People came from all over to see him and listen to him. They confessed their sins, and he baptized them in the Jordan River. He rebuked the Pharisees and Sadduccees, and he spoke of one who was to come whose sandals he was not even fit to carry. He prophesied that the coming one would baptize not with water but with the Holy Spirit and fire. And He warned that this coming one would separate the wheat from the chaff and burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire.
 
Jesus Himself came to John to be baptized. John protested, saying it was backwards, that John should be baptized by Jesus. But Jesus said it was proper to do this, so John agreed. And when Jesus came out of the water, the Spirit of God alighted on Jesus like a dove, and a voice from Heaven said, “This is My Son, whom I love. With Him I am well pleased.”
 
But then in Matthew 11, we learn that John was in prison, although at this point we are not told anything about the reason. But, hearing of some of Jesus’ deeds, John sent some of his followers to Jesus to ask if He was the one who was to come, meaning the Messiah, or if there would be someone else to follow. Jesus told John’s followers to go back to John and report what they had seen with Jesus do with their own eyes. After what John said and witnessed at the baptism, it seems like a strange question. Was John’s faith wavering? Was he struggling with the fact that he was in prison? We do not know exactly. But John really was the last Old Testament prophet. He had not seen what Jesus was doing, nor had He heard His teachings. He was only getting rumors and little glimpses second hand (apart from the baptism experience). Jesus said that the least in the kingdom of heaven was greater than John. From this I take it to mean that, at this point, John was not yet a true believer in Jesus.
 
This brings us to the current passage. Here we first learn that Herod is the one who had put John in prison. He had done so because he did not like John’s warning to Herod about taking Herodias as his wife, that it was against the Law of God to do so. Now the Herods were horrible people, murdering their own family members or plotting to do so. I am not sure why John confronted Herod over this particular sin – but it was probably because God led him to speak out on it. Herod was not a man of faith, but he was a man of fear. He wanted to just kill John, but he was afraid to do so, because he thought the people would riot, which might lead to his own downfall.
 
Was John persecuted for his faith? It is a bit more indirect, but yes, if John had not been a believer in and follower of God, he probably would not have cared enough to speak out against Herod. It is important to understand that this kind of persecution happens all over the world, just like the more direct form where people are told to denounce their faith in Jesus.
 
How do we know when to speak out against injustice, or against other behaviors that we know are wrong? This is a difficult question to answer. Prayer should always be the starting point. Over the past few months, I have had to make very difficult decisions in this area, and although I have peace over my decisions, they have had significant consequences.
 
Unfortunately, the situation for Herod took a dramatic turn for the worse:
 
On Herod’s birthday the daughter of Herodias danced for the guests and pleased Herod so much that he promised with an oath to give her whatever she asked. Prompted by her mother, she said, “Give me here on a platter the head of John the Baptist.” The king was distressed, but because of his oaths and his dinner guests, he ordered that her request be granted and had John beheaded in the prison. His head was brought in on a platter and given to the girl, who carried it to her mother. John’s disciples came and took his body and buried it. Then they went and told Jesus. – Matthew 14:6-12
 
This was a shocking development. We do not know for sure how old Herodias’ daughter was, but a good number of commentaries imply that she was an adult, and that her dance was highly inappropriate. I do not think the passage has direct evidence that this was the case, and in fact, there is some evidence for the opposite. The term used to describe Herodias’ daughter is korasion, and this term is also used to describe Jairus’ daughter (in Matthew 9 and Mark 5) who rose from the dead. And in Mark 5 and Luke 8, we are told that Jairus’ daughter was 12 years old. So, there is a real possibility that Herodias’ daughter was also around 12, and it is possible that the dance was entirely innocent. Additional support for this is the fact that the word used for dance (orcheomai) can refer to children at play, as it is used in Matthew 11 and Luke 7.
 
In any case, there is no question of the evil actions of Herodias for proposing such an evil deed, and for putting her daughter in the middle of such a horrendous scheme. In my mind, it is almost more hideous if her daughter were a young innocent girl. And Herod equally shares the blame, first for foolishly making the oaths and second for agreeing to these actions. He would have lost some honor status for refusing but refusing is what he should have done.
 
As Westerners who live relatively sheltered lives (even in this era of coronavirus), we may struggle with how God could allow something like this to happen. I personally believe that John was in fact a believer in Christ at the time of his death, that Jesus’ response to John’s followers back in Matthew 11 convinced him to fully put his faith in Christ, and that we will find John in Heaven when we die. Our challenge is whether to really believe Paul when he says that to live is Christ and to die is gain. Jesus indeed promised us that in this world we would have trouble, but He also promised us that He has overcome the world.
 
And from I Peter:
 
But even if you should suffer for what is right, you are blessed. “Do not fear their threats; do not be frightened.” – I Peter 3:14
 
Appropriately, today is the International Day of Prayer for the Persecuted Church. I would like us to spend some time today at the end of the message praying for the persecuted church throughout the world. I want to first give you some recent statistics (from Open Doors USA) on the state of persecution against Christians in the world:
 
The top five countries where it is hardest to follow Christ, in order: North Korea, Afghanistan, Somalia, Libya, Pakistan.
 
The top five countries where Christians face the most violence: Pakistan, Nigeria, Egypt, the Central African Republic, and Burkina Faso.
 
The top five countries where the most Christians are martyred: Nigeria, the Central African Republic, Sri Lanka, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and South Sudan.  
 
The top five countries where the most churches are attacked or closed: China, Angola, Rwanda, Myanmar, and Nigeria.
 
Other data: Over 260 million Christians experience high levels of persecution for their choice to follow Christ. One in nine Christians worldwide experience high levels of persecution. From 2019 to 2020, this number has risen 6%. There are now 11 countries experiencing “extreme” persecution (the highest level). Six years ago, North Korea was the only country in this category.


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